Global central banks are taking different approaches to monetary policy as they navigate inflation dynamics and economic conditions. The South African Reserve Bank lowered its repo rate by 25 bps to 7.50%, aligning with market expectations, while the US Federal Reserve held rates steady.

In 2024, there were some significant global geopolitical developments, including elections held in 54 countries and the rapid acceleration of artificial intelligence. In South Africa, the formation of a Government of National Unity was a pivotal political transition. Key policy developments included the enactment of the National Health Insurance Bill and the implementation of the two-pot retirement system.